The odd thing about this term is that it is still called a libreta in Colombia, but in actual practice it looks like an ID card. But since the term used is libreta, and passbook conveys more of a sense of having, well, passed a requirement, I like this rendition - but I would love to hear what other people are using. It often seems to be left in Spanish, but I worry that decreases the overall comprehension and ease for listeners and readers.
Fabulously the court recently ruled that transgender persons can no longer be required to show a military passbook as a condition of employment. Technically victims of the war are also free of the requirement, but Anna Vogt writes here about how hard that has been in practice.